This is true backwards and useless forwards. Looking back, the bad job taught you to stay calm with a furious person on the phone, and it genuinely did prepare you. Looking ahead, it was still a bad job.
Meaning gets assembled in hindsight. That isn't a swindle, it's how narrative works — but it does mean you can't use it to justify staying somewhere in the present.
Take the last hard year and name one capacity it actually left you with. Something specific enough to use this week. That is preparation. The rest is just what happened.